Families
Pupils should know
- that there are different types of committed, stable relationships.
- how these relationships might contribute to human happiness and
their importance for bringing up children. - what marriage is, including their legal status e.g. that marriage
carries legal rights and protections not available to couples who
are cohabiting or who have married, for example, in an
unregistered religious ceremony. - why marriage is an important relationship choice for many couples
and why it must be freely entered into. - the characteristics and legal status of other types of long-term
relationships. - the roles and responsibilities of parents with respect to raising of
children, including the characteristics of successful parenting. - how to: determine whether other children, adults or sources of
information are trustworthy: judge when a family, friend, intimate
or other relationship is unsafe (and to recognise this in others’
relationships); and, how to seek help or advice, including reporting
concerns about others, if needed.
Respectful relationships, including friendships
Pupils should know
- the characteristics of positive and healthy friendships (in all
contexts, including online) including: trust, respect, honesty,
kindness, generosity, boundaries, privacy, consent and the
management of conflict, reconciliation and ending relationships.
This includes different (non-sexual) types of relationship. - practical steps they can take in a range of different contexts to
improve or support respectful relationships. - how stereotypes, in particular stereotypes based on sex, gender,
race, religion, sexual orientation or disability, can cause damage
(e.g. how they might normalise non-consensual behaviour or
encourage prejudice). - that in school and in wider society they can expect to be treated
with respect by others, and that in turn they should show due
respect to others, including people in positions of authority and
due tolerance of other people’s beliefs. - about different types of bullying (including cyberbullying), the
impact of bullying, responsibilities of bystanders to report bullying
and how and where to get help. - that some types of behaviour within relationships are criminal,
including violent behaviour and coercive control. - what constitutes sexual harassment and sexual violence and why
these are always unacceptable. - the legal rights and responsibilities regarding equality (particularly
with reference to the protected characteristics as defined in the
Equality Act 2010) and that everyone is unique and equal.
Online and media
Pupils should know
- their rights, responsibilities and opportunities online, including that
the same expectations of behaviour apply in all contexts, including
online. - about online risks, including that any material someone provides
to another has the potential to be shared online and the difficulty
of removing potentially compromising material placed online. - not to provide material to others that they would not want shared
further and not to share personal material which is sent to them. - what to do and where to get support to report material or manage
issues online. - the impact of viewing harmful content.
- that specifically sexually explicit material e.g. pornography
presents a distorted picture of sexual behaviours, can damage the
way people see themselves in relation to others and negatively
affect how they behave towards sexual partners. - that sharing and viewing indecent images of children (including
those created by children) is a criminal offence which carries
severe penalties including jail. - how information and data is generated, collected, shared and
used online.
Being safe
Pupils should know
- the concepts of, and laws relating to, sexual consent, sexual
exploitation, abuse, grooming, coercion, harassment, rape,
domestic abuse, forced marriage, honour-based violence and
FGM, and how these can affect current and future relationships. - how people can actively communicate and recognise consent from
others, including sexual consent, and how and when consent can
be withdrawn (in all contexts, including online).
Intimate and sexual relationships, including sexual health
Pupils should know
- how to recognise the characteristics and positive aspects of
healthy one-to-one intimate relationships, which include mutual
respect, consent, loyalty, trust, shared interests and outlook, sex
and friendship. - that all aspects of health can be affected by choices they make in
sex and relationships, positively or negatively, e.g. physical,
emotional, mental, sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing. - the facts about reproductive health, including fertility, and the
potential impact of lifestyle on fertility for men and women and
menopause. - that there are a range of strategies for identifying and managing
sexual pressure, including understanding peer pressure, resisting
pressure and not pressurising others. - that they have a choice to delay sex or to enjoy intimacy without
sex. - the facts about the full range of contraceptive choices, efficacy
and options available. - the facts around pregnancy including miscarriage.
- that there are choices in relation to pregnancy (with medically and
legally accurate, impartial information on all options, including
keeping the baby, adoption, abortion and where to get further
help). - how the different sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including
HIV/AIDs, are transmitted, how risk can be reduced through safer
sex (including through condom use) and the importance of and
facts about testing. - about the prevalence of some STIs, the impact they can have on
those who contract them and key facts about treatment. - how the use of alcohol and drugs can lead to risky sexual
behaviour. - how to get further advice, including how and where to access
confidential sexual and reproductive health advice and treatment.
